Which type of communication is handled by RFC in SAP systems?

The correct answer is remote procedure calls, as RFC (Remote Function Call) is a protocol used in SAP systems to enable communication between different systems or between different applications within the same system. It allows a program running on one machine to execute a procedure on another machine, effectively allowing remote execution of functions. This capability is essential for integrating disparate SAP systems and performing distributed processing, which enhances the flexibility and scalability of applications in a landscape where different systems need to interact.

In the context of SAP, RFC simplifies the complexity involved in communication between systems by providing a standardized way of invoking functions remotely. When a function is called via RFC, it executes on the target system as if it were a local call from the caller's perspective, facilitating seamless inter-system communication.

File-based communication, network traffic control, and database transactions are not handled by RFC directly. File-based communication typically involves transferring files between systems rather than invoking remote functions. Network traffic control pertains more to managing data flow and routing rather than executing functions remotely. Database transactions are specific to data operations within a database management system and do not encapsulate the remote execution capability of RFC. Thus, the identification of RFC with remote procedure calls highlights its primary role in enabling remote function invocation efficiently and effectively within SAP environments.